Mechanism and construction for reciprocating machinery



June 23, 1936. J, MANN 2,045,552

MEGHANISM AND CONSTRUCTION FOR RECIFROCATING MACHINERY ff M5 A TTOIENEY June z3, 1936.' J. MANN 2,045,552

MECHANISM AND CONSTRUCTION FOR HECIPROCATING MACHINERY Filed Feb. 24, 1955v 2 sheets-sheet 2 /rlvsn'ro Patented June 23, 1936 Y UNETE STATES PATENT GFFICE MECHANISM AND CONSTRUCTION FOR RECIPROCATING MACHINERY poration of New York Application February Z4, 1933, Serial No. 658,340

17 Claims.

This invention relates to a mechanism and construction for reciprocating machinery such as pumps, compressors and the like.

l An object of my invention is to provide an improved rotary driving unit adapted for driving reciprocating machinery such as pumps, compressors and the like, whereby longer life of the machine, a reduction in the floor space, bearing loads and size and weight of the unit, is eiected.

Another object of my invention is the provision of means for changing the rotary motion f a rotatable driving unit into the straight-line reciprocatory movement required by the piston or plunger of a reciprocating machine.

A further object of my invention is the provision of means for translating the rotary motion of a rotatable driving unit into the straight-line reciprocatory movement required by the piston or plunger of a pump orA compressor by simple and improved means interposed between the driving member and the reciprocable piston or plunger.

Still another object of my invention is the provision of an overhung driving gear used in connection with means for changing the rotary motion of the driving gear into the straight-line reciprocatory movement required by the plunger of a pump or compressor.

Another feature of my invention is the provision of a machine so constructed and arranged as to permit the removal of the driven unit with a minimum of inconvenience and loss of time and the provision of means whereby all of the operating parts are readily accessible for adjustment and repair.

My invention further contemplates the provision of a mechanism for translating the rotary movement of a rotatable driving unit into a substantially straight-line movement available at the driven plunger and adapt such translating means to be used in a machine so constructed and arranged that the driven plunger may be quickly and easily detached from the machine for inspection and repair.

More specically, my invention contemplates the provision of a rotary-driven deep well working head so constructed and arranged as to'facilitate the removal of the deep well working barrel or cylinder from the well by providing convenient means for moving the main operating lever out of the way to provide clearance for the removal of the well rod and working barrel.

Other objects and advantages will be more apparent from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:-

Figure 1 is a side view partially in section showing my novel means for translating rotary to reciprocatory movement in use in connection with a deep well pump.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on` the line 5 2 2 of Figure 1.`

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Figure 1.v

Figure 4 is av partial sectional view taken on the line 6 4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on the line 5 5, Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a View taken on the line 6 6, Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic view showing my 15 novel motion translating means.

In the drawings, while I have illustrated my novel linkage for translating rotary movement to reciprocatory movement, and my novel construction and arrangement of parts whereby the foregoing objects are secured, in connection with a vertically reciprocating deep well pump, it will be apparent that the construction and principles of operation may be applied to other machines of the general class denoted by the term reciprocating machinery", and is equally adapted to the horizontally reciprocable type of either pump or compressor.

In general, my invention comprises a rotary driving unit having a driving gear I I from which power is transmitted by a novel arrangement of linkage and levers to a main lever I2. The main lever I2 is pivotally connected as through a pin I3 to a driven member or plunger I4. The plunger I4 is connected by any suitable means, as indi- 35 cated atv I5, to a well rod I5. The well rod I5', together with its appended valves and fluid-lifting devices, not necessary -to be shown or described herein, is reciprocable in a deep well working barrel or cylinder I6 which, as is well-known in the 40 art to which this invention applies, is mounted concentric with a well casing I'I.

Although my machine is equally adapted for direct connection to any suitable source of motive power, it has been shown as driven by a belt pulley I8. The driving gear II and the main lever I2, together with the other operating parts of the machine or deep well power head, are mounted in a casing or enclosing frame I9 from one side of which projects a suitable support 2| for receiving 50v a drive shaft 22 rotatable in bearings 20. The pulley I8 is mounted and secured in position on shaft 22 by means of a pin 23, and on the end of the shaft 22, a driving pinion 24 is secured which meshes with the driving gear I I.

The driving gear is fixed to a shaft 26 supported in a housing 21 by means of bearings 28 and 29 which, although of any suitable type, are preferably of ball bearing construction. An annular plate 3| having an inwardly projecting ange adapted to fit in the opening of the housing 21 is bolted thereto and supports the bearing 28. The inner race of each of the bearings rotates with the shaft 26, While the outer race of the bearings 23 and 23 are conned and supported respectively by the annular plate 3| and the housing 21. The plate 3i is threaded internally to receive a cover` 32 which serves to prevent dirt and foreign matter from gaining access to the bearing housing, While a collar 33 threaded to the shaft 26, retains the bearing 28 in position thereon.

It will be noted for a purpose later to be described, that the gear il overhangs the bearings 28 and 29 and is supported entirely from the housing 21. A crank pin 33 eccentrically mounted on the gear is pivoted to a pitman or connecting rod 31 which is held in position on the crank pin 3S by means of a collar 38 and a Cotter pin 39. The pitman 31 projects upwardly and is provided at its upper extremity with a bearing 43 adapted to rotatably receive a pin 42 which passes through apertures formed in a pair of driving side links 4|. The driving side links 4| pivot on pins 43 supported in a pair of brackets 44 extending from the internal wall of the enclosing frame.

As shown more clearly in Figure 5, the main lever |2 is driven from the driving side links 4| through a pin 43. The pin 45 extends outwardly from one of the driving side links and is threaded to receive a nut 45. A screw 45', threaded into the center of the pin 46, positions a retaining member 5|) which is bent over the adjacent driving side link 4| and retains the pin 45 in position. It will be noted that upon removal of the retaining member 50, the pin 46 may be withdrawn entirely from one side of the machine and the driving side links thereby disconnected from the main lever I2.

The main operating lever i2 is fulcrumed on a pair of rear links 48 as at 49 which pivot on, as at 5|, a member 52 extending from and preferably cast integral with the frame I9. The main lever l2, although it may be formed in any suitable manner, is preferably formed with a depending or enlarged portion 53 in which is mounted the pivot pin 46 and with an indentured or cutout portion 54 into which the pivot 42 for the driving side links 4| and the pitman 31 projects during operation. Thus, although the p-ivot pins I3, 46 and 49 are on a straight line above which the pivot point 42 projects when the main lever |2 is in its uppermost position, still the main lever |2 does not interfere with the free movement of the various parts.

When the gear is rotated, the driving side links 4| will be oscillated about the xed pivot 43 by means of the pitman 31, and this movement will cause the main lever 2 to oscillate about the movable pivot point 49.

In Figure 7, I have diagrammatically illustrated the linkage above-described and more clearly shown the relation of the various parts whereby the rotary movement of the gear l is transmitted and translated to provide the substantially straight-line reciprocatory movement required by the plunger I4. In this figure, I have illustrated three positions of the main lever I2 and have indicated by arcs 53 and 51, the arc of movement of `the pivot points 3 and 4S, if instead of the construction shown, the pivot point 49 were a fixed pivot and the pitman 31 directly secured to the main lever |2 at 46. It will be noted that the deviation of the plunger from a true straight-line movement is represented by a perpendicular line AB from the line |4 which is a cord of the arc 56.

The arc 51 crosses the center line at 58 and if now a point 59 is made on the center line a distance from the point 58 equal to the length of the line AB and an arc is drawn through the points 43, 59 and 46', the center of this arc will locate the position of the fixed pivot 43. Because the distance AB is equal to the distance 53-59 and because the pivot 49 is a movable pivot being adapted to rotate about the pivot 5|, when the pitman 31 is oscillated, the plunger rod will move along a substantially straight line represented by line i4 in Figure 7.

Due to the fact that the pivot point 49 moves in a curve rather than a straight line, the plunger i4 will not move in exactly a straight line but for all practical purposes, the deviation from straight line movement will be so slight as not to cause any appreciable wear on the plunger or the guide means therefor. The amount of this deviation from true straight-line motion is determined by the length or" the link 48 and the length of this link is, in turn, determined by the general arrangement and construction oi the frame whereby certain purposes, later to be described, are accomplished.

In the construction ci my machine, it has been the main purpose to provide a machine adapted to be driven by an overhung rotary driving unit to obtain the advantages inherent in a rotary drive, and at the same time, p-rovide a machine in which the frame and various operating parts were so constructed and arranged that the deep well working barrel i3, together with the plunger I4 and its appended valves and fluid-lifting devices could be removed or pulled from the well casing I1 without completely or in any appreciable measure requiring the dismantling of the machine. With this View in mind, it has been necessary to provide simple means for removing the main lever |2 from its operating position in order to provide clearance for the pulling of the deep well Working barrel i3 and accordingly, the pivot points for the rotary movement translating linkage has been made accessible from one side of the machine and further, as above described, the gear i i is supported by bearings located entirely on one side of the frame I9.

Thus, upon removal of a side wall 34 of the enclosing frame, all the working parts of the machine or power head are exposed to View and readily accessible for repair and adjustment. Further, when the well rod I5 and the working barrel I6 are to be pulled, the pin 3 is removed and the main lever l2 released from its connection with the driving side links by removing the pin 4B, as above described. The main lever |2 may now be rotated about the pivot point 5| on the link 48 partially to lie in a recess or enlarged portion 1| of the enclosing frame I9, as indicated by the dotted lines in Figure l. Thus, without dismantling any of the operating parts of the machine except the removal of the aforementioned pins, the main lever |'2 may be rotated about the pin 5| into the dotted line position whereby clearance is provided for the Withdrawal of the deep well working barrel, which operation may be accomplished When a sheet metal guard 12 which partially encloses the plunger rod has been taken away.

The lubrication system for the deep wellbarrel 75 described herein, is more particularly described in a copending application to William J. Pomeroy, Serial No. 425,554, and since it constitutes no part of this invention, need not be described in detail herein. It will suiiice to say that the frame I9, `tlie lower pfortion of which constitutes a crank-case, is filled to the desired level with lubricant which is picked up by the gear Il. A pressure of lubricant built up in a housing 'I4 by the gear II is distributed therefrom to the various operating parts of the machinery by means of a conduit 'I6 and a collecting pan 'I3 which depends from the top portion of the frame. I9. The collecting pan 'i8 is apertured so that the lubricant falls on the main lever -I2 and is distributed during oscillation of the main lever to the various operating parts in the casing I9 by suitable means formed in the main lever I2 and tothe pivot point I3 outside the casing I9 by a conduit 19.

The Working barrel or cylinder I6 is supported on a discharge outlet casing 8| into a central cavity 82, of which iiuid is pumped by means of the well rod I5' and its appended fluid-lifting devices, not shown. A discharge outlet 83 is provided through which the fluidmay be pumped to a tank or to any other desired point.

Theplunger rod I4 is provided with a stuiiing box and guide, generally indicated by the numeral 84. Packing is provided for the plunger rod I4 to prevent creepage of iiuid upwardly on the plunger, and an'air pump indicated at 81 may be driven from the main lever I2 for supplying air to an air pressure or accumulating device.

It will be apparent that I have provided a means for translating and transmitting rotary movement into substantially a straight line reciprocatory movement which, although particularly adapted for use in driving deep well pumps, is not limited thereto and further, that I have adapted such a drive to a deep well power head in such manner that the deep well working barrel may be pulled with a minimum of inconvenience. It will also be observed that a machine so constructed occupies a minimum of floor space, is lighter in construction and is more easily lubricated.

It will be understood that my invention is adapted for use with various types of reciprocating machinery and, therefore, I do not desire to be limited to the exact construction shown, as various changes may be made both in the form and relation of parts thereof without departing from the scope of this invention, as set forth in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a machine of the class described, a rotatable driving member, a driven member, a main lever through which motion is transmitted from the said driving member to said driven member, means for translating the rotary movement of said driving member into a substantially straight line reciprocatory movement forsaid driven member, a housing having a removable side and a fixed side by which said driving member and said translating mean' are enclosed, bearing supports for said rotatable driving member, said bearing supports being located on the fixed side of said housing and said rotatable driving member overhanging said bearing supports whereby when the removable side of said housing is removed, said driving member and said translating means are exposed and easily accessible.

2. In a machine of the class described, an enclosed frame having a recess therein, a rotatable driving member, a driven member, a main lever by which motion is transmitted from said driving member to said driven member, and means whereby said main lever may be disconnected from said driving and driven members and rotated manually into said recess to permit ready removal of said driven member.

3. In a machine of the class described, an enclosed frame having a recess therein, a rotatable driving member, a driven member, a main lever pivoted to said driven member and connections between said rotatable driving member and said main lever for transmitting motion from said rotatable driving member to said driven member, and means whereby when said main lever is disconnected from said driven member and from said connections, said main lever may be manually rotated to a position in said recess whereby removal of said driven member is permitted without interference from said main lever.

4. In a machine of the class described, an enclosed frame having a recess therein, a rotatable driving member, a driven vmember, means for transmitting and translatingy the rotary movement of said driving member to a substantially straight line reciprocatory movement for said driven member, said means comprising a main lever and means whereby said main lever may be disconnected from said driven member and rotated manually partially into said recess to permit ready removal of said driven member without interference from said main lever.

5. In a machine of the class described, an enclosed frame having a recess therein and a removableV side wall, a rotatable driving member mounted in said frame, bearing supports for said driving member, said driving member overhanging said bearing supports, a main lever by which motion is transmitted from said driving member to said driven member, said main lever being pivotally secured to said driven member and having connections to said driving member, said machine being so constructed and arranged whereby upon removal of said side wall, the working parts thereof are readily accessible and said main lever may be disconnected from said driven lever and from said connections and manually rotated to lie partially in said recess to permit ready removal of said driven member.

6. In a machine of the class described, an enclosed frame having a recess therein and a removable side wall, a rotatable driving member l mounted in said frame, bearing supports for said driving member, said driving member overhanging said bearing supports, a main lever by which motion is transmitted from said driving member to said driven member, means for translating the rotary movement of said driving member to a substantially straight line reciprocatory movement for said driven member, said means comprising a link pivotally secured to one end of said main lever and having a pivot point on the frame of the machine, said main lever being pivotally secured to said driven member and said machine being so constructed and arranged whereby upon removal of said side Wall, the working-parts thereof are readily accessible and said main lever may be disconnected from said and means comprising a main lever for transmitting and translating the rotary movement of said driving member to a substantially straight line reciprocatory movement of said driven member, and means comprising a link whereby upon removal of said removable side wall, said main lever may be disconnected from said driving and driven members and manually rotated about said link to permit ready removal of said driven member.

8. In a machine of the class described, a pump rod, an enclosing frame, a rotatable driving unit supported entirely from said enclosing frame, a main lever secured to said pump rod, connections between said rotatable driving unit and said main lever for transmitting motion thereto, a removable side plate for enabling access to said driving unit and said connections, and means enabling movement of the main lever within the casing when the pump rod and main lever have been disconnected.

9. In a machine of the class described, a pump rod, a main lever pivotally secured to the pump rod, mechanism for oscillating the main lever, a gear casing substantially entirely closing the operating mechanism, said main lever projecting through said gear casing and said gear casing being so constructed and arranged that the main lever may be detached from the pump rod and moved in said casing to a position such that it is withdrawn from a position to interfere with withdrawal of said pump rod.

10. A deep well pump, a vertically reciprocable pump rod, a main lever pivotally secured to the pump rod, mechanism for oscillating the main lever including a rotatable member, means for translating the rotary motion of said rotatable member into a straight-line reciprocatory movement of said pump rod, a casing substantially entirely enclosing the operating mechanism for said pump rod, said casing being so constructed and arranged that the main lever may be detached from the pump rod and moved away from said pump rod so that the pump rod may be withdrawn Without interference from the main lever.

11. In a machine of the class described, an enclosed frame having a` recess therein, a rotatable driving member, a driven member, a main lever by which motion is transmitted from said driving member to said driven member, said recess in the enclosing frame being so constructed and arranged that when the main lever has been disconnected from said driving and driven members, it may be rotated manually into said recess and be supported therein so as to permit ready removal of said driven member.

12. In a machine of the class described, a rotatable driving member, a driven member, a main lever pivotally connected to the driven member, a linkage having a 'lxed pivot and being pivoted to said main lever through which motion is transmitted from said rotatable driving member for translating the rotary movement of said driving member into a substantially straight-line reciprocatory movement for said driven member, and a pitman pivotally secured to said rotatable driving member, said pitman being directly pivotally secured to said linkage.

13. In a machine of the class described, a rotatable driving member, a driven member, a main lever through which motion is transmitted from said driving member to said driven member, means connected between said rotatable driving member and said main lever for translating without sliding friction the rotary movement of said driving member into a substantially straight line reciprocatory movement for said driven member, a housing having a removable side and a xed side opposite said removable side by which said driving member and said translating means are enclosed, bearing supports for said rotatable driving member, said bearing supports being located on the fixed side of said housing and said rotatable driving member overhanging said bearing supports whereby when the removable side of said housing is removed, said driving member and said translating means are exposed and easily accessible.

14. In a deep Well pump of the type wherein a vertically reciprocable member is operatively connected to suitable liquid elevating devices located in the well, a vertically extending driven plunger rod, a rotatable driving member, a main lever through which motion is transmitted from said driving member to said plunger rod, means connected between said rotatable driving member and said main lever for translating the rotary movement of said driving member into a sub- Stantially straight line reciprocatory movement for said plunger rod, a housing having a removable side and a fixed side by which said rotatable driving member and said translating means are enclosed, bearing supports for said rotatable driving member, said bearing supports being located on the fixed side of said housing and said rotatable driving member overhanging said bearing supports whereby when the removable side of said housing is removed, said driving member and said translating means are exposed and readily accessible.

15. In a deep Well pump of the type wherein a vertically reciprocable member is operatively connected to suitable liquid elevating devices located in the well, a vertically extending driven plunger rod, a rotatable driving member, a main lever through which motion is transmitted from said driving member to said plunger rod, means connected between said rotatable driving member and said main lever for translating without sliding friction the rotary movement of said driving member into a substantially straight line reciprocatory movement for said plunger rod, a housing having a removable side and a fixed side opposite to said removable side b-y which said rotatable driving member and said translating means are enclosed, bearing supports for said rotatable driving member, said bearing supports being located on the xed side of said housing and. said rotatable driving member overhanging said bearing supports whereby when the removable side of said housing is removed, said driving member and said translating means are exposed and readily accessible.

16. In a deep Well pump of the type wherein a vertically reciprocable member is operatively connected to suitable liquid elevating devices located in the well, a vertically extending driven plunger rod, a rotatable driving member, a main lever through which motion is transmitted from said driving member to said plunger rod, a housing having a removable side and a fixed side opposite to the removable side by which said rotatable driving member is enclosed, bearing supports for said rotatable driving member, said bearing supports being located on the fixed side of said housing and said rotatable driving member overhanging said bearing supports and being entirely supported from the xed side of the housing, means connected between said rotatable driving member and said main lever and located Within the housing for translating the rotary movement of said driving member into a substantially straight line reciprocatory movement for said plunger rod, said translating means including at least one member having a fixed pivot on the inside of the housing, said main lever and translating means including said fixed pivot being arranged in the housing in a manner such as to enable ready removal of said removable side which when removed exposes most of the operating mechanism including at least partial exposure of said rotatable driving member whereby the machine is conveniently accessible for repair.

17. In a deep well pump of the type wherein a vertically reciprocable member is operatively connected to suitable liquid elevating devices located in the Well, a vertically extending driven plunger rod, a housing having a pair of end walls, a fixed side Wall and a removable side Wall opposite to said Xed side Wall, one of said end walls having an opening therein enlarged in a vertical direction, a main lever extending outward from said housing through said enlarged opening, pivotally connected to said plunger rod and movable vertically in a plane lying between.

said side walls, a rotatable driving member in said housing having bearing supports on the xed side Wall of said housing, overhanging said bearing supports and being rotatable in a plane at least only slightly out of the plane of movement of said main lever, means within the housing and including a member having a xed pivot on the inside of the housing for translating the rotary motion of said rotatable driving member into a substantially straight line reciprocatory movement for said plunger rod, said main lever and said translating means including said xed pivot being arranged in the housing in a manner such as to enable removal of said removable side wall without disturbing any of the operating mechanism, said side wall when removed exposing and making accessible at least a large portion of the operating mechanism including at least partial exposure of said rotatable driving member to enable convenient repair.

JOHN MANN. y 

